> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://yar999.gitbook.io/gopl-zh/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://yar999.gitbook.io/gopl-zh/ch3.md).

# 基础数据类型

虽然从底层而言，所有的数据都是由比特组成，但计算机一般操作的是固定大小的数，如整数、浮点数、比特数组、内存地址等。进一步将这些数组织在一起，就可表达更多的对象，例如数据包、像素点、诗歌，甚至其他任何对象。Go语言提供了丰富的数据组织形式，这依赖于Go语言内置的数据类型。这些内置的数据类型，兼顾了硬件的特性和表达复杂数据结构的便捷性。

Go语言将数据类型分为四类：基础类型、复合类型、引用类型和接口类型。本章介绍基础类型，包括：数字、字符串和布尔型。复合数据类型——数组（§4.1）和结构体（§4.2）——是通过组合简单类型，来表达更加复杂的数据结构。引用类型包括指针（§2.3.2）、切片（§4.2)）字典（§4.3）、函数（§5）、通道（§8），虽然数据种类很多，但它们都是对程序中一个变量或状态的间接引用。这意味着对任一引用类型数据的修改都会影响所有该引用的拷贝。我们将在第7章介绍接口类型。


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